A temperature transmitter uses a thermocouple or RTD (resistance temperature detector) as its sensing element. The signal from the sensing element is fed into the transmitter module, where it passes through stabilizing filtration, operational amplification, non-linear correction, and V/I conversion, along with constant-current and reverse-polarity protection circuitry. It is then converted into an output that is linearly proportional to temperature, available as a 4–20mA current signal, a 0–5V/0–10V voltage signal, or an RS-485 digital signal.